The search for the origins of cosmic rays has been a thorn in the side of high-energy astrophysicists for more than a century. This talk will provide an overview of the current state of understanding regarding the origins of cosmic rays, highlighting some of the outstanding problems and challenges. I will provide some examples of how recent gamma-ray observations are advancing the field, and how the next generation of gamma-ray observatories may crack this long-standing problem Those unable to attend the colloquium in person are invited to participate online through Zoom (Meeting ID: 942 0262 2849, passcode 792771) using the link: https://eu02web.zoom-x.de/j/94202622849?pwd=dGlPQXBiUytzY1M2UE5oUDRhbzNOZz09