The successful launch, deployment and commissioning of the James Webb Space Telescope has opened a new era in astronomy and astrophysics. Indeed, in some infrared spectral bands, Webb's sensitivity is up to three orders of magnitude higher than previous facilities. Such a huge leap in sensitivity has happened very rarely in the history of astronomy and, even more broadly, in the history of science. The first observations released by this fantastic observatory have not disappointed, by delivering several unexpected results. I will give an overview of the early, exciting Webb's findings by focusing on some the new results on distant galaxies and primeval black holes, primarily based on the first datasets obtained through the extensive GTO programme of the NIRSpec instrument. The observations reveal, in the first billion year of life of the Universe, an emerging population of galaxies with properties significantly different from those seen at later epochs. I will show that some of these datasets nicely confirm, for the first time, some expectations from models and cosmological simulations on galaxy formation and transformation. However, I will also show some puzzling results that are challenging to explain with current models. Those unable to attend the colloquium in person are invited to participate online through Zoom (Meeting ID: 942 0262 2849, passcode 792771) using the link: https://zoom.us/j/94202622849?pwd=dGlPQXBiUytzY1M2UE5oUDRhbzNOZz09 Prof. Maiolino is available for meetings by arrangement with his host, Dylan Nelson (dnelson@uni-heidelberg.de).